Learning Diary Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Learning Diary - Essay Example When I was growing up, one of my favourite quotes was byAlexander Graham Bell who said: â€Å" A man, as a general rule, owes a very little to what he is born with – a man is what he makes of himself†. I have made it a habit of writing down my goals and dreams and keep track of my achievements or failures in life, and hence when we were asked to keep a learning diary or log of experiences and activities undertaken during the MSc year I was even happier because this was now officially a part of my course. Body: When I look at my life right now, I am excited at what lies ahead of me. I have always been an optimist and the future seems bright and filled with possibilities. I presently work at a bank and love my job, and am well on the way to becoming a manager for the bank in the near future. Completing my Master’s degree in Business Management will add to my advantage of securing this position, which I consider to be prestigious and filled with challenges. However when I started working with the Bank, it was a whole new experience and because of the hard work and my extra effort put into my job over a period of time, I have managed to earn the respect of my colleague’s and more important get noted by the senior management and win the trust of my customers. I had put down quite a few goals which I wanted to achieve at the Bank into my Learning Diary and would review it every fortnight to personally rate my performance at work. Goals give you a sense of meaning and purpose. Goals give you a sense of direction. As you move toward your goals and you feel happier and stronger, you feel more energized and effective. You feel more competent and confident in yourself and your abilities. Every step you take toward your goals increases your belief that you can set and achieve even bigger goals in the future. My personal achievements at work can be categorised under three main headings. Respect from my Colleagues: My colleagues are the greatest in the world, simply because they appreciate and respect me so much for all the hard work that I have put in, the extra hours and the fact that I am always available to help them out when they ask, even if it means I have to stay back late. My skill and knowledge acquired in the Banking sector has increased and they often come to me for advice or a solution to a problem they are facing. Trust from my Customers: Edgar Watson Howe once said " The greatest humiliation in life is to work hard on something from which you expect great appreciation, and then fail to get it". Thank God, that doesn't apply to me. The customers more often that not pay compliments or sometimes go a step further and put in a personal word or send across an email to my Manager's and let them know I am doing a good job. Recognition from my Manager's: The good thing about the job is that there is a

Rift Deepens as NBA Draws Line on Compensation Essay Example for Free

Rift Deepens as NBA Draws Line on Compensation Essay The N. B. A. is a well established association and is well-known across the globe. Over the past couple months the association has been in contract talks between the players union and the N. B. A. officials. With the basketball season right around the corner, both sides have been able to work out an agreement to get the players back on the court playing the game they love. As Porter’s â€Å"Five Forces† model describes how certain areas of the industry could be affected or affecting the entire game, and people throughout the basketball world. The way that I look at this situation and in regards to the N.  B. A. and the players, because of a strong competitive force in the industry, and according to Porter, these forces can be a threat on the entire involvement in basketball. The lockout brings forward a lot of issues between the union and the officials who are always trying to get more money out of the teams, which is where the talks have heated up in the recent weeks due to a dispute over a 50-50 concept of revenue share. In relation to Porter’s â€Å"Five Forces†, the NBA dispute raises a great deal of negotiation in regards to these â€Å"Five Forces†, and how the economy is affected. With the cancelling of the first two weeks of the basketball season, players and fans are constantly finding ways to either spend their money in other markets, or from a player’s standpoint, find a different league to play in during this lockout. Therefore, according to Porter, the closeness of substitutes is creating conflict within the entire industry. Whether the NBA lockout is settled sooner than later, the game may lose a tremendous amount of fans because they may have settled for an interest in a different area of entertainment. Several players including top stars are seeking interest overseas in leagues in countries such as Italy, France, and Spain, and if negotiations continue we could see a lot more players seeking playing time against strong competition. Even though I wouldn’t consider this a risk but I feel that the NBA should feel a little heat because if disputes continue and an agreement isn’t settled, European leagues could become a substitute, as well as a threat. The third force on the list is the bargaining power of buyers. This concept does relate to the article and the overall scheme of things because the fans are a huge part of the NBA and create a tremendous amount of revenue within the game. Even though it’s difficult for fans to directly change the price of certain products, the NBA may have to look at keeping the customer happy, therefore a change in price of memorabilia, or ticket price could pose as a threat to the NBA, and the longer the lockout, the more power the fans could embark on. Thus, the same being said for Porters force in regards to the Bargaining Power of Suppliers. The league and the organizations themselves provide several inputs to the industry as a way to generate a fan base, create excitement within the city, therefore with a lockout in deep talk, the power of the supplier doesn’t seem to be as big of a threat as the buyer, but could become more and more of a threat as the lockout extends over a longer period of time. There are a lot of people that provide labor and services within the NBA, therefore if a lockout remains, these people involved in such services could be impacted a lot more than what we may see. With negotiations and offers at a standstill, the NBA could be in a lot of trouble in regards to Porter’s â€Å"Five Forces† within the industry of entertainment. Even though the fans don’t really have a say in the whole process, but if talks continue the fans will show their depreciation to the sport creating a loss in profit and overall excitement towards the game. As the talks continue, there are several threats that will remain intact, and create conflict for the NBA as they try to remain calm but seek for a settlement that seems fair. These talks are in millions of dollars, and with both sides not seeming to be willing enough to give up any compensation for their efforts, the lockout could be a long one and the NBA may be in a significant amount of trouble with competitors overseas, the bargaining power of both buyers and suppliers. Since the intensity of the rivalry is so strong between these established firms, some fans will remain loyal to their teams, but others may look for options. Overall, the NBA, in regards to Porters’ â€Å"Five Forces,† could be in trouble if this dispute is not settled and the longer it continues the more threats that could be factored in to the whole process. The players union is trying to remain strong, and the officials are trying to seek more and more money out of the teams. But with smaller market teams this doesn’t seem necessary because how is a smaller market team going to be able to hold on to the fan base, where the revenue is generated, and in return have to give up even more of a financial hit. The whole idea and looking at the â€Å"Five Forces,† Porter should be in talks with the NBA and they should look at the entire picture rather than just worrying about the money involved. This dispute creates a lot of attention, where in a world of financial power, you get the sense that maybe there should be a stronger focus on the â€Å"Game† rather than the financial component. In my opinion and after looking at it from a strategic point of view, I feel that Stern and all his officials are being extremely greedy. There is more to sports than money, when both sides realize the amount of people being affected in the whole process and the threats continuing to impose on the game, then they will understand the stupidity in the lockout and get back to the game the love.

NAFTA Essay -- essays research papers fc

NAFTA Since the beginning of civilization, trade has been an important issue. Christopher Columbus sailed to the Americas in search of a faster and safer trade route to India. We as Americans fought for our independence over trade related issues, such as tariffs and rules on with whom we were allowed to export and import goods. Our people have always fought for the rights and ability to buy and sell what they want at a reasonable price. The North American Free Trade Agreement, or NAFTA, is yet another attempt at this. NAFTA was signed on December 17, 1992 and put into effect on January 1, 1994 (SICE). It is a trade agreement between Canada, the United States, and Mexico. This paper will explain all the finer points of the agreement, its affects on our economy, and some predictions to the future. I shall end with my opinion of NAFTA based on what I have learned while researching this paper. To discuss NAFTA with a greater understanding, it is important to realize why the three major governments on the North American continent would want to form a trade alliance. According to the law library at Southern Methodist University â€Å"its purpose was to remove tariff barriers between Canada, the United States and Mexico† (North). Removal of these barriers obviously promotes trade between these countries. It also promotes the buy and selling of goods between these countries by making those goods more easily accessible. Sellers can produce with lower costs and buyer can get the end product cheaper than if the tariffs were included in the price. But NAFTA had much loftier goals then just lowering cost and price. It was established â€Å"with the goal of fostering greater economic growth in Canada, the United States, and Mexico† (John). The ways in which NAFTA planned to create this spark in the economies of three different nations, was outlined in the actual NAFTA agreement text, in Article 102: Objectives. It states that the purpose of the agreement is to: eliminate barriers to trade in, and facilitate the cross-border movement of, goods and services between the territories[†¦], promote conditions of fair competition[†¦], increase substantially investment opportunities [†¦], provide adequate and effective protection and enforcement of intellectual property rights [†¦], create effective procedures for the implementation and application of [NAFTA], [†¦] for the resolution of dispu... ...4. Economic Policy Institute. 03 Apr. 2004. 6.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The John F. Henning Center for International Labor Relations: The North American Free Trade Agreement. 2003. The John F. Henning Center for International Labor Relations. 04 Apr. 2004. 7.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Key Points to Remember. Economic Research: Federal Researve Bank of St. Louis. 02 Apr. 2004. 8.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Mumme, Stephen. â€Å"Nafta and Enviroment†. Foreign Policy In Focus. Volume 4. Number 26 (1999): 9.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Negatives of Trade. Economic Research: Federal Researve Bank of St. Louis. 02 Apr. 2004. 10.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  North American Free Trade Agreement. 01 Jul. 2003. SMU Underwood Law Library. 02 Apr. 2004 11.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"The North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): Deepening Economic Integration and resposes to Competition†. Center for North American Studies. Jul. 2003. Texas A&M University. 10 Apr. 2004. 12.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  SICE:North American Free Trade Agreement. SICE: Foreign Trade Information System. 06 Apr. 2004. 13.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Qualifying for NAFTA. FedEx. 05 Apr. 2004.

A response to the great Gatsby Essay

â€Å"The Great Gatsby† by F. Scott Fitzgerald is a widely considered masterpiece of American literature. Set in Long island, 1922, The Great Gatsby portrays a time in which massive war-born wealth and cheap liquor give birth to the great American party period, where booze and bobbed hair reign supreme in newly rich New York. This sets the scene for the tragic love story between † The golden girl†, Daisy Buchanan and war hero, James Gatz (Gatsby). The Great Gatsby is an interesting novel due to the ideas it presents that our society can still relate to today. Media manipulation, money before love and fame because of nothing more than wealth, are all ideas presented in the novel and they are all ideas that our society is notorious for today. Daisy and Gatsby were pre-war lovers that become separated by the war and the overbearing difference in social class, Gatsby was poor and believed he was unworthy of Daisy, determined to make something of himself Gatsby leaves. Daisy is madly in love with Gatsby, but marries Tom Buchanan, the richest man in east egg, straight after she gets a letter from Gatsby, asking her to wait until he becomes a rich man so they can be wed. Scott Fitzgerald uses this situation to portray a major ideology in the novel and of the time; that enough money can buy love. This is still relevant today as we constantly see Hollywood’s rich and famous will marry not out of love, but out of the desire for publicity and money. Gatsby, now a rich man who hosts extravagant parties every weekend but barely reveals his identity, is likely the most talked about person in New York, yet almost no one knows anything real about him. Throughout the novel our bank of information surrounding Gatsby grows, as we know nothing of him at the beginning, wild rumors spread around by the city folk New York are the only prior knowledge we have of Gatsby. â€Å"Well, they say he’s a nephew or a cousin of the Keiser Wilhelm’s, that’s where all the money comes from† This quote from minor character Catherine, shows how little most people know about Gatsby, and how willing and excited they are to spread false rumor. Fitzgerald deliberately presents Gatsby as a man of mystery and intrigue to show us how known, yet unknown he is. This is effective in creating uncertainty in the reader about Gatsby’s character, as we start to feel as if no information received about Gatsby, even from Gatsby’s own mouth, can  be trusted. It’s the same case today with the media’s tendency to manipulate and exaggerate, combined with possibly edited and misleading sources of information such as photographs and video, separating the real from the fake becomes almost impossible. The Great Gatsby is unique in the sense that it was not written as Gatsby’s own experience, but the experience of character who’s role in the plot is more to observe than to intervene. Nick Carraway is Daisy’s cousin and was a solider of the Great war who, after the conflict, joins the bond business and later moves to West Egg becoming Gatsby’s Neighbor. Nick becomes the bridge between Gatsby and Daisy, having connections to them both, yet not interfering with their lives in the sense a character like Tom does. We read the entire novel out of his experience and this allows us to view a completely separate perspective to that of the true main characters, and unlike a third person writing style, we are also given the opinions, biases and thoughts of the man who is â€Å"Within, and without.† The purpose of using this writing style is to show us insight in to the lives of all main characters, while still delivering a story in a first person perspective. This technique is effective in making the reader feel connected to the text and in reading of Nick’s experiences putting you in the situation whist still showing Gatsby’s and Daisy’s life as opposed to a restrictive first person perspective following only one. The Great Gatsby was a definitive novel at the time of its publication, and is just as relevant today. Gatsby was in the end, a celebrity only due to his large wealth and even larger parties, but when misunderstanding holds him to blame for a horrific car accident, people lose interest in the man they once found fascinating. Gatsby is very relatable to a modern day celebrity: he was famous because of wealth, had his relationship ended because of money, was subject to public rumor, scandal, and in the end forgotten, and replaced by the next rich man to host a big party. When Gatsby dies at the end of the novel, the only one to attend his funeral is our narrator, Nick Carraway. Fitzgerald does this to show that, Gatsby; a man with hundreds of acquaintances and thousands of followers, had in fact only one true friend, only one person who knew anything at all about him and  still cared after his death. Celebrities, the Gatsbys of today, may think they have hundreds of friends, even millions amongst fans, but hardly any truly know them, and those who do, like Daisy, usually care more about wealth and status than friendship.

Community Crime Prevention Strategies Essay

Do community safety, crime prevention; crime reduction initiatives help all victims? Choose specific types of CS – police led, management of offenders, crime prevention as focus. The Home Office delineates community safety as, â€Å"An aspect of quality of life in which people, individually and collectively, are protected as far as possible from hazards or threats that result from the criminal or anti-social behaviour of others and are equipped or helped to cope with those they do experience† (Home Office: 1998) The fear of crime can impact us in a major way on how we feel about our community. â€Å"Localised action against crime† also know as community safety, crime prevention or crime reduction; is often practiced by police officers and authority workers e.g. Probation workers, housing officers etc. Community safety focuses on introducing physical and social changes to local communities to enforce balance and prevent crime and disorder from taking place. There are three ways of classifying crime prevention, primary secondary and tertiary prevention. Primary prevention targets the general population to prevent crime from happening before it has happens. Secondary prevention targets the population that is most at risk, where Tertiary prevention focuses on the individual; Often a known offender (Newburn, 2007:566) The aim of community safety is to allow local residents to be able to live their lives freely, yet still feel comfortable and protected in their area by local authorities. All citizens should be able to live without interruption or fear that may come from crime and disorder. In some ways community safety can be hard to define, as various communities have different ways of carrying out the service. In some communities citizens have a say in what issues they feel need to be addressed and prioritized for action in their community; and in others they don’t. So where some issues may be of relevance in one community, it won’t be of relevance in another. Most importantly once an issue has been tackled it is fundamental that it does not re-occur. Offending behavior can negatively affect an individual and/or a whole community. By reducing offending behavior community service should generally improve the quality of live of an individual or community, both socially and economically. Without first addressing fear and typical preconceptions of crime, any action to prevent anti-social behavior will be of no relevance, as communities may be unaware of the changes occurring and therefore reluctant to believe that they are being protected. It is after the Morgan Report in 1991 when the term ‘Community safety’ first came into notion. As stated by ‘CSinfo magazine’ â€Å"The term community safety was not well defined then and in some eyes the same is true today† (CSinfo: n.d.). Anti social behavior and the nature of crime can cause the focus of community service to shift at times. This is mainly because of the difference in cultures, various religions and ethnic groups that may be in one community. Therefore we can question if community service is effective in a diverse society. In all of this we must take diversity and ethics into consideration. In society people have different values and approaches to life. Diversity is the unique difference that we all have. In all walks of life there will always be people from various backgrounds that we must make contact with. Diversity can be a cause of conflict and tensions within a society. Community safety aims to prevent divisions within a community and create unity to establish a safer and more comfortable lifestyle for civilians. Community safety or community policing can be very effective in society as it establishes a good and trusting relationship between the police and citizens. The police become â€Å"part of the neighbourhood† (Anon: 2010), In addition to creating relationships it also enables the police to become aware of what the community needs. This partnership allows police officers to familiarize themselves with individual members of the community. As well as this, they are able to remember important information about the people that are of risk to the community. In all aspects of policing there will always be advantages and disadvantages. A great advantage of community policing is that it reduces any fear that one may have. This creates a sense of trust between the police and community and therefore civilians will feel safer. ‘Law teacher’ states, â€Å"as citizens become more active in taking care of their community, they start to understand what officers actually do on a day-to-day basis† (Anon: 2010). A disadvantage of community policing is that without the trust of the community and community involvement there isn’t much that the police can do. If they don’t have first hand knowledge of certain issues within the community they cannot solve it nor can they be aware of the specific citizens that are of risk to the rest of the community. The majority of people find it hard to trust the police, especially in ethic minority communities where many people believe that the police are racist. In saying this any attempt to help a community will fail, as there is no partnership between the police and community. Another disadvantage is that community policing is a long-term partnership and results will not be seen immediately. Members of the community may feel as though they are wasting their time in trusting in the police to better their neighborhood, yet nothing has changed. The relationship must be maintained for it to work. â€Å"Community policing is a philosophy, not a program† (Roth: 2000,183) An additional disadvantage is that the same members of the community step forward to help and improve the neighborhood, however it requires the help and belief of whole (or majority) of the community for the service to be effective. â€Å"Community policing is only as good as its community involvement† (Law Teacher: 2010). Overall the advantages weigh out the disadvantages of community policing. Community policing is effective as it establishes a relationship between the police and citizens, which generally improves the safety and the peace of mind of the community. â€Å"Community-based programs are important in the service delivery in many communities†(Mancini & Marek: 2004, 339). To prevent crime in their neighbourhood people develop programs that aid in the prevention of crime and disorder in their community. There are several community policing programs, the most popular program is known to be the ‘neighbourhood watch’, where locals come together to make their community a safer place. Neighbourhood watch can be beneficial to a community as it allows locals to be aware of any suspicious activity. ‘National Night Out’ is another program that helps to fight crime in a community. Residents that participate in this, leave their outside lights on during the night, in the hope that civilians will safeguarded at night time where (in more dangerous areas) there are more drug and alcohol misusers gallivanting the streets. D.A.R.E which stands for ‘ Drug Abuse Resistance Education’, is a program that seeks to make young adults (teenagers) feel good about the police, as well as preventing violent behavior, the abuse of drugs and alcohol and gang involvement. The program informs young people on how to say no from peer pressure, and build the necessary skills that they need to ensure a better lifestyle. Through D.A.R.E students are able to identify the perils of violence in their community as well as in their schools. Neoliberism, the idea that the rich stay rich and the poor stay poor. In place of tackling poverty right realists would prefer to reduce crime through control. They argue with Marxists that although several old people are poor their crime rate is low. They believe that labeling theory â€Å"romanticises† the criminal by being too sympathetic. The problem with this approach is that although harsh methods of punishment may be good for the moment, they aren’t very effective for the long term. When putting someone in prison all aspects of their life must be considered. The offender may have a family that solely depends on them. In addition the offender may have health issues that could deteriorate in a prison environment. The biosocial theory of criminal behavior was introduced in 1985 by Wilson and Herrnstein. They explored the notion that criminal behavior is influenced by social and biological factors. Herrnstein and Murray believed that low intelligence was the main cause of crime. Also developed from biological causes. Yes it is true that the chance of a person becoming an offender can be increased by biological cause however, it is believed that environmental have more influence on an offenders behavior. â€Å"Charles Murray (1990) argues crime is increasing because of a growing underclass who is defined by deviant behaviour and who fails to socialise properly† (Anon: 2012). . Unlike right realists, left realists share the same views as labour government. Described as socialist in 1984 Lea and Young support the modification of society rather than the avant-garde change by a few Marxists. They debate that right wing politicians in an industrial capitalist society, have presented themselves accordingly as the parties of forces of law and order. Left realist believe that all crimes with the exception of white collar crime need to be tackled and elucidated as they are a serious problem. Since World War Two there has been a significant increase in street crime (Young: 1993) â€Å"Criminology has undergone an etiological crisis† (Anon:2012). This has resulted from the rise in offences that are being recorded officially. Both right realism and left realism share similarities but there are also extreme differences. An example of this is that they both have different political views, where right realists have a conservative mind, left realist have a labour mind. Despite this both believe that crime is a ‘real’ problem, and they fear that crime is rational. Through the way that both sides explain crime, it is clear that right realists are neo conservative, whereas left realists are reformist socialists. Right realists put the blame of offending on the individual but left realists consider environment and relative deprivation, sympathising with the offender. In the same way both sides also have varying political differences, which is shown through their aims and how they plan on soling problems of crime. â€Å"The right prioritise social order achieved through a tough stance of offenders while the left prioritise justice achieved through democratic policing and reforms to create greater equality† (Anon:2012). â€Å"As with other signs of brutishness, the sight of violence, pain, or physical suffering became highly disturbing and distasteful to modern sensibilities† (Garland, 1990: 223). A man like Garland who can be considered as a right realist suggests that we should be more punitive. He argues that we live in a culture that needs more control; although we have become more civilized, we are also more acceptant of mercy and as a society we tend not to punish as hard as they did in the olden days. Despite Garland’s views many still believe that we haven’t learnt to punish less. Moreover some people insist that we have learnt to punish better through the use of modern technology. Unless an offender is of high risk to the rest of society, it is better to rehabilitate through intervention rather than imprison, in the attempt to just remove the person from society. In most cases imprisonment is more expensive than interventions (Williams: 2010). Nevertheless it is still a major aim to manage the risk of reoffending through â€Å"warehousing† (over crowded Imprisonment). Supervised by probation officers, who would advise assist and befriend them† (Probation of Offenders Act 1907). If these requirements were/are neglected the offender may be sent back to court to be re-assed and re-sentenced. (Canton: 2011, 5). â€Å"Offenders would be on probation:instead of being ounished, and on their undertaking to be of good behavior, they would be put to the test and given an opportunity to show they could lead good and industri â€Å"Criminals are not normal, they are wicked, evil, different to us, they are dangerous and they are strangers† (Wilson and Herrnstein: 1985). This is the idea that criminals are like animals, out of control and driven by their animalistic lust to do inhumane things. Crime is linked to low IQ; suggesting that most criminals are black and/or Asian, coming from backgrounds that cannot afford to educate children. The level of how risky someone is should determine the intensity of intervention they must endure. There are wide ranges of interventions in the criminal justice system. Diversion, Reparation, Unpaid work, Supervision and counseling, Basic Skills, Group work programmes, Drug and alcohol programmes, Therapeutic communities’, Circles of support and women’s programmes. We typically do not see only one kind of criminal offender. Although a plethora of offences are made daily, the uniqueness of one person will be different from the criminogenic needs of another person. Diversity and sociological aspects of crime can be an influence of this. Where some offenders may be employed, others could be unemployed. Some may be dependent on drugs; others may have alcohol problems, or suffer from mental illnesses. Despite this a Right realist would rather punish the offender under any circumstance. Realists see crime as something that is real; they believe in solving the problems of crime, whereas Marxists see crime and deviance as something that has been socially constructed through an unequal world and exploited society. Much like the conservative government, right realists trust that there is a solution to the growing crime rates in society. Rather than finding the causes of crime right realists seek to find practical methods in which crime can be monitored. In the opinion of a right realist offenders should be punished rather than rehabilitated. Many see this method as impractical as individually offenders have different criminogenic needs. MAPPA (Multi Agency Public Protection Arrangements). ‘Prisoners Families and Friends service’ states; â€Å"It is not a legal body or framework, but a set of arrangements for supervising offenders in the community. They are principally a structure by which the various agencies an offender comes into contact with can share information and thereby monitor risk factors after the person is released† (Anon: n.d, 26) Joining responsible authorities, MAPPA manage high risk offenders. Forming a partnership with other agencies that may be working with the offender. Once MAPPA and other joined agencies come to a decision on the extent of how risky the person is. A risk management plan will put in order for the offender, which is then reviewed on a regular basis; addressing anti social behavior by monitoring the offender. In a similar way DAAT also monitor offenders. DAAT (Drug and Alcohol Action Team) is a partnership that is accountable for carrying out the 10-year strategy and three year action plan for the government. DAAT unifies all local agencies that have involvement in addressing drug use e.g social services, the voluntary sector. DAAT aim to protect communities by reduces all forms of drug related crime. Preventing danger to families and individuals affected by the use of drugs and alcohol. As well as offenders there are organisations that support victims of crime. These organisations hold programs that are set out to help crime victims move forward through counseling and other services that teach victims their rights in terms of the law. In the USA 35 million people become victims of crime every year (Anon: 2012). After crime most victims and their families are left in a terrible state. Physically, mentally, emotionally and financially, which can be difficult to resolve. Because of this special organisations for victims have been created in the attempt to help millions of victims all over the world. The world has changed very quickly through globalization. We currently contemplate whether science and technology are now creating more risk rather than preventing it. An example of this is through the effect of bullying and anti social behavior with the use of the Internet and social networking sites. And the idea that the world is becoming smaller and smaller. Kinnvall and Jonson stated in 2002 that globalization will have a massive impact on our society forever as it covers all issues from economics, and politics to western culture and specifically â€Å"Americanisation† (Karofi and muanza: 2006). Many people see americanisation as a good thing as it provides development for all, however others would disagree by suggesting that it is a threat to peoples cultures. Discussed in three sections by Kinnvall and Johnson the globalisation process consists of scale, speed and cognition – From the links between social and political societies to the time frame in which globalisation is being hypothesised. In their research Kinnvall and Johnson make it clear that globalisation is not a new discovery. But because of how quickly the world has developed since the millennium increased awareness of globalisation has been made. It is hard ton think of a world without new technology, just 30 years ago the development of the Internet was begin ning. As mentioned previously every offender is different and therefore has an individual criminogenic need; the same goes for victims. Some victims may need long-term assistance depending on how serious the crime was e.g. rape, domestic violence. ‘sensitive crimes prosecution’ are cases like child abuse, child neglect and sexual assault. Organisations have specific programs that deal with these cases where the aim is to shield the victim from having to retell the story of the crime in which they were involved. In many cases victims have to tell their stories numerous times and this can because a daunting and even more traumatizing experience for them. In some circumstances it can even make the victim more unlikely to open up. If the truth isn’t told the full service cannot be fulfilled. To prevent this, the service assigns one lawyer to each case so that the victim only has to tell the story a few times. In doing this both victims and the system are at an advantage. There are programs designed to help all kinds of victims. When dealing with property crime victims mediation is used as a form of mediation. Mediation allows both the victim and offender to receive the correct benefits or sentencing he or she deserves. The victims service organization have a financial restitution program where anything that the offender stole or damaged from the victims property is replaced. This is done through a court ordered sanction. (Andrews: 1989). The program helps victims calculate how much has been damaged in addition to completing the necessary forms, maintain records informing the appropriate officials about the victim’s desire for restitution (Anon: 2012) â€Å"Through the mediator, the victim and offender talk together about trust, completion of the restitution, and what determines if they will meet again† (Anon: 2012). This cannot be done in all situations. E.g. in a situation of rape it is highly unlikely that the victim will want to come in any form of contact with the offender and officials will not expect or ask them too. The programs also file claims for victims. They do as much for the victims as possible to make it easier for them, even little things like filling out forms. Mock trials of criminal justice proceedings are officered so that the victim may become aware of what the real trial may consists of. Preparing them in all areas so that they are not blind-sided. A social working will prepare the victim by asking them a number of questions that may be asked during the trial. Often victims are given information on where the case is heading before any trial has taken place. The victim has the right to state their opinion on pardons and parole hearings. In answering the question and essay title, yes I do believe that crime reduction initiatives help all victims of crime. Even in murder cases the victims families are always addressed and taken care of in the correct way (in most cases). The service that initiatives provide for victims, give the victims a place to turn to for guidance and support in seeking the rightful justice that they deserve. Programs like crisis intervention allow the victim to start recovering from their victimization and deal with their situation. †Restitution and returning of stolen property is another way that victims may financially deal with their victimization. Also simply making victims aware of the rights is an excellent start to the victim’s search for justice† (Anon: 2012). Bibliography: Anon. (2012). Assess the value of the left and right realist approaches to crime and deviance. Available: http://potmd.wordpress.com/2012/03/10/assess-the-value-of-the-left-and-right-realist-approaches-to-crime-and-deviance/. Last accessed 4th Jan 2013 Anon. (n.d.). DAAT. Available: http://www.medway.gov.uk/communityandliving/communitysafety/drugsandalcoholactionteam.aspx. Last accessed 4th Jan 2013. Anon. (2012). high risk offenders. Available: http://www.highland.gov.uk/healthandsocialcare/criminaljusticeservices/highriskoffenders.htm. Last accessed 5th jan 2013. Anon. (2012). Left realism and crime. Available: http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/left_realism_crime.htm. Last accessed 6th Jan 2013. Anon. (n.d.). what is community safety?. Available: http://www.csinfo.info/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&lay

Ed Gein essays

Ed Gein essays Thesis Statement: Edward Gein has gone though very hard times. His childhood lead up to what would be one of the most horrific crimes in the United States. I. The Beginnings of the Plainfield Butcher i. How she treated him with her illness b. Treatment of the townspeople towards Ed d. Events when Police went to Eds House c. Eds car was part of a side show at fairs until banned a. Sent to an asylum where declared insane a. Most of them Horror movies except for one Comedy Edward Theodore Gein was born on August 27, 1906, to Augusta and George Gein in La Crosse, Wisconsin. Eddie was the second of two boys born to the couple. The first was Henry who was seven years older than Eddie (Bell). Edwards mother Augusta was a very religious woman. She was determined to raise her sons according to strict moral code. She taught her son about the bible on a daily basis. She insisted the her children be taught of all of the immortality and looseness of women, hoping to discourage any sexual desires the boys might have had, for fear of then being cast down to hell (Bell). George, their father, was a weal man and an alcoholic, who had no say in the raising of his sons (Bell). The Gein family started a business the year that Eddie was born in La Crosse. This business brought a fair amount of money to support the family in a comfortable fashion. Augusta worked hard and saved the money so that the family could move to a more rural area away from the immortality of the city and the sinners that inhabited it. When Eddie was eight years old they moved to Plainfield, Wisconsin to a one-hundred-ninety-five acre farm, isolated from any evil influences that could disrupt her family. When Eddie became old enough to go to school his classmates shunned him because he was effeminate and shy. When he tried to make friends his mother would scold him (Bell). In 1940, George Gein, dropped dead from a heart atta...

Biography of Corrie ten Boom, Hero of the Holocaust

Biography of Corrie ten Boom, Hero of the Holocaust Cornelia Arnolda Johanna Corrie ten Boom (April 15, 1892 – April 15, 1983) was a  Holocaust survivor who started a rehabilitation center for concentration camp survivors as well as a global ministry to preach the power of forgiveness. Fast Facts: Corrie ten Boom Known For: Holocaust survivor who became a renowned Christian leader, known for her teachings on forgivenessOccupation: Watchmaker and writer  Born: April 15, 1892 in Haarlem, the NetherlandsDied: April 15, 1983 in Santa Ana, CaliforniaPublished Works: The Hiding Place,  In My Fathers Place,  Tramp for the LordNotable Quote:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Forgiveness is an act of the will, and the will can function regardless of the temperature of the heart.† Early Life Corrie ten Boom was born in Haarlem, in the Netherlands, on April 15, 1892. She was the youngest of four children; she had a brother, Willem, and two sisters, Nollie and Betsie.  A brother Hendrik Jan died in infancy. Corrie’s grandfather, Willem ten Boom, opened a watchmaker’s shop in Haarlem in 1837. In 1844, he began a weekly prayer service to pray for the Jewish people, who even then experienced discrimination in Europe. When Willem’s son Casper inherited the business, Casper continued that tradition. Corrie’s mother, Cornelia, died in 1921. The family lived on the second floor, above the shop. Corrie ten Boom apprenticed as a watchmaker and in 1922 was named the first woman  to be licensed as a watchmaker in Holland. Over the years, the ten Booms took care of many refugee children and orphans. Corrie taught Bible classes and Sunday school and was active in organizing Christian clubs for Dutch children. Creating a Hideout During the German blitzkrieg across Europe in May 1940,  tanks and soldiers invaded the Netherlands. Corrie, who was 48 at the time, was determined to help her people, so she turned their home into a safe haven for people trying to escape the Nazis. Dutch resistance members carried grandfather clocks into the watch shop. Hidden inside the long clock cases were bricks and mortar, which they used to build a false wall and hidden room in Corrie’s bedroom. Although it was only about two feet deep by eight feet long, this hiding place could hold six or seven people: Jews or members of the Dutch underground. The ten Booms installed a warning buzzer to signal their guests to hide, whenever the Gestapo (secret police) were searching the neighborhood. The hideout worked well for nearly four years because people were constantly coming and going through the busy watch repair shop. But on February 28, 1944, an informant betrayed the operation to the Gestapo. Thirty people, including several of the ten Boom family, were arrested. However, the Nazis failed to find the six people hiding in the secret room. They were rescued two days later by the Dutch resistance movement. Prison Meant Death Corrie’s father Casper, then aged 84, was taken to Scheveningen Prison. He died ten days later. Corrie’s brother Willem, a Dutch Reformed minister, was released thanks to a sympathetic judge. Sister Nollie was also released. Over the next ten months, Corrie and her sister Betsie were shuttled from Scheveningen to Vugt concentration camp in the Netherlands, finally ending in Ravensbruck concentration camp near Berlin, the largest camp for women in German-controlled territories. The prisoners were used for forced labor in farm projects and armament factories. Thousands of women were executed there. Living conditions were brutal, with meager rations and harsh discipline. Even so, Betsie and Corrie conducted secret prayer services in their barracks, using a smuggled Dutch Bible. The women voiced prayers and hymns in whispers to avoid the attention of the guards.   On December 16, 1944, Betsie died at Ravensbruck of starvation and lack of medical care. Corrie later recounted the following lines as Betsies last words: †¦ (we) must tell them what we have learned here. We must tell them that there is no pit so deep that He is not deeper still. They will listen to us, Corrie, because we have been here.† Two weeks after Betsies death, ten Boom was released from the camp due to claims of a clerical error. Ten Boom  often called this occurrence a miracle. Shortly after ten Booms release, all of the other women in her age group at Ravensbruck were executed.   Post-War Ministry Corrie traveled back to Groningen in the Netherlands, where she recuperated in a convalescent home. A truck took her to her brother Willem’s home in Hilversum, and he arranged for her to go to the family home in Haarlem. In May 1945, she rented a house in Bloemendaal, which she converted into a home for  concentration camp survivors, fellow wartime resistance collaborators, and the disabled. She also set up a nonprofit organization in the Netherlands to support the home and her ministry.   In 1946, ten Boom boarded a freighter for the United States. Once there, she began speaking at Bible classes, churches, and Christian conferences. Throughout 1947, she spoke extensively in Europe and became affiliated with Youth for Christ. It was at a YFC world congress in 1948 that she met Billy Graham and Cliff Barrows. Graham would later play a major role in making her known to the world. From the 1950s through the 1970s, Corrie ten Boom traveled to 64 countries, speaking and preaching about Jesus Christ.  Her 1971 book, The Hiding Place, became a best-seller. In 1975, World Wide Pictures, the film branch of the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association, released a movie version, with  Jeannette Clift George in the role of Corrie. Later Life Queen Julianna of the Netherlands made ten Boom a knight in 1962. In 1968, she was asked to plant a tree at the Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations, at the Holocaust Memorial in Israel. Gordon College in the United States awarded her an honorary doctorate in Humane Letters in 1976. As her health deteriorated, Corrie settled in Placentia, California in 1977. She received resident alien status  but curtailed her travel after pacemaker surgery. The next year she suffered the first of several strokes, which reduced her ability to talk and get around by herself. Corrie ten Boom died on her 91st birthday, April 15, 1983. She  was buried at Fairhaven Memorial Park in Santa Ana, California. Legacy From the time she was released from  Ravensbruck until illness ended her ministry, Corrie ten Boom reached millions of people throughout the world with the message of the gospel. The Hiding Place remains a popular and impactful book, and ten Booms teachings on  forgiveness continue to resonate. Her family home in the Netherlands is now a museum dedicated to remembering the Holocaust.   Sources Corrie Ten Boom House. The Museum.  https://www.corrietenboom.com/en/information/the-museumMoore, Pam Rosewell.  Life Lessons from the Hiding Place: Discovering the Heart of Corrie Ten Boom. Chosen, 2004.United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. â€Å"Ravensbruck.† Holocaust Encyclopedia. www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId10005143.Wheaton College. Biography of Cornelia Arnolda Johanna ten Boom. The Billy Graham Center Archives.  http://www2.wheaton.edu/bgc/archives/GUIDES/078.htm#3

Difference Between Density and Specific Gravity

Difference Between Density and Specific Gravity Both density and specific gravity describe mass and may be used to compare different substances. They are not, however, identical measures. Specific gravity is an expression of density in relation to the density of a standard or reference (usually water). Also, density is expressed in units (weight relative to size) while specific gravity is a pure number or dimensionless. What Is Density? Density is a property of matter and can be defined as the ratio of mass to a unit volume of matter.   Its typically expressed in units of grams per cubic centimeter, kilograms per cubic meter, or pounds per cubic inch.Density is expressed by the formula:Ï  m/V whereÏ  is the densitym is the massV is the volume What Is Specific Gravity? Specific gravity is a measure of density relative to the density of a reference substance. The reference material could be anything, but the most common reference is pure water. If a material has a specific gravity less than 1, it will float on water. Specific gravity is often abbreviated as sp gr. Specific gravity is also called relative density and is expressed by the formula:Specific Gravitysubstance Ï substance/Ï referenceWhy would someone want to compare the density of a substance to the density of water? Lets look at one example. Saltwater aquarium enthusiasts measure the amount of salt in their water by specific gravity where their reference material is fresh water. Salt water is less dense than pure water but by how much? The number generated by a calculation of specific gravity provides the answer. Converting Between Density and Specific Gravity Specific gravity values arent very useful except for predicting whether or not something will float on water and for comparing whether one material is more or less dense than another. However, because the density of pure water is so close to 1 (0.9976 grams per cubic centimeter), specific gravity and density are nearly the same value so long as the density is given in g/cc. Density is very slightly less than specific gravity.

The development of E-Commerce Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The development of E-Commerce - Research Paper Example Pure or traditional brick and mortar e-tailing is also constituent of e-commerce. The industry has been growing very steadily over the last two decades but one of the issues that concerns modern day e-commerce is the issues related to the security of business transactions (Andam, 2003, pp.6-13). The history of e-commerce can be dated back to the days when computers, internets and modems were invented. Before 1991, the internet (then popularly known as the Arpanet) was not open for public or commercial uses. Hence, it can be said that the true birth of e-commerce was possible only after the year 1991 when the internet was opened for commercial purposes. Initially the term e-commerce referred only to commercial transactions that took place with the help of electronic media and then latest technology such as EDI and EFT. The process of clearing payments related to business transactions simplified drastically. The lead time also reduced significantly and users soon realized the hidden potential e-commerce and its application the corporate world. The e-commerce was readily accepted in the corporate sector because of cost efficiency, faster transactions, lower cost per transactions, and lower documentation requirements. With the advancement of internet, the popularity of online transactions in US grew very rapidly from the year 1991 (Humphrey, Mansell, & Pare, 1999, pp.31-32). The biggest threat in the virtual world of e-commerce was from the transfer of critical business related information or transactions over the public networks such as the internet. It almost took four years to develop the various security protocols including hypertext transfer protocol (http) that allows the users to get speedy and continuous access to internet (Panagariya, 1999, pp.10-11). In the year 2000, many Western European and American companies represented themselves in the World Wide Web

Nursing Knowledge Resources and Nursing Theory Essay

Nursing Knowledge Resources and Nursing Theory - Essay Example This makes them to collaborate with others and the conversations will be scientific when they work with the physicians. Generally it was observed that physicians are giving increased autonomy for the nurses, who follow evidence based practice. This results in willingness in increasing the accountability and professionalism. The research is capable of validating the care they provide when they use evidence based practice. The research on nurses has shown that they lack skills regarding the appraise of research literature. As a result they are not able to use the research findings. The concept of evidence based practice increased the nurses' professional skills. The aim of the research should be the awareness of the nurses about the EBN reports. If they are not, the system or organization should make them aware of them. The concept of evidence based nursing found to be more important among the nurses. Though this is the case a research by Christel Bahtsevani of Malmo University revealed that there are many nurses who do not have access to the literature regarding the access to the evidence based nursing practices.( Christel Bahtsevani RN, Azzam Khalaf MSc, Ania Willman RN, PhD 2005) The importance and benefit of the evidence based practice is that it answers the clinical questions due to the evidence it gathers. The skills of clinicians regarding the research can be developed, and this can give efficient access to the evidences. This results due to the collaboration with colleagues who can assist in getting to the evidence. Melnyk etal in 2004 and Pravikoff et al. in 2005 stated that the educators when consider the lack of searching skills in nurses, they have to adopt evidence based practice. (Sally Bennett, John W. Bennett, 2000) They need to collaborate with librarians, database creators, indexers and others to develop the basic skills needed in EBP. This results in fostering the need to find the mother lode of evidence to answers the clinical questions. This results in finding the best team, best equipment and the best techniques to get the results quickly. They can anticipate and embrace the challenges inherent in practice. (Ellen Fineout-Overholt RN, PhD, Sheila Hofstetter MLS, AHIP, Leslee Shell MLS, Linda Johnston RN, PhD 2005) 3. Nursing theories 3.1 Websites on Nursing: The http://www.fhs.mcmaster.ca/ceb/acts/ebcp.htm describes the evidence based nursing practice in the practical sense. It stress on the use of scientific literature to use evidence based nursing practice. It defines the clinical questions in a way the answers extraction will become easy. This enables the search for best information that enhances the evidence based practices in nursing. The clinical message should be extracted by the physician from the information. 3.1.1 In http://www.herts.ac.uk/lis/subjects/health/ebm.htm the definitions, references and conferences are available. The methodological filters and evidence based health web sources are there to explain the care of public health with health technology assessment. In this site the evidence based medicine health care is looked upon a new paradigm that is capable of replacing the traditional medicine practices. They are based on authority and EBM is based on scientific information. 3.1.2 In

Being Assertive instead of Being Aggressive at Work, Being Proactive Essay - 1

Being Assertive instead of Being Aggressive at Work, Being Proactive in Your Career, How to Build Successful Work Teams, andNew Technology in the Workplace - Essay Example When going for a career start, it is important to understand the present day workplace. The 21st century workplace is diverse in terms of culture, race and gender; it is global. Employees must be prepared to deal with people from any part of the world confidently and without bias. One should enter a career with a positive attitude towards team work. Organizational success depends on team work and communication is the key to a good team spirit development. Career development in the world of new technology depends on one’s ability to adapt to the new technology. All individuals preparing for any career should keep the above points in mind in order to become successful professionals. Work place environment greatly affects the well being, health, productivity and motivation to work in the employees (Jones, 2001). Work place environment is a factor of the behavior of employees therefore it is up to them to maintain a healthy workplace environment. According to (Scott & Judge, 2006), the personal traits and the affective states experiences by people in organizational setups determine the quality of work place atmosphere. To play their role in contributing towards a healthy work place environment, one should enter any career after being well prepared to deal with the challenges of a work place (Jones. 2001). Self mastery, conquering control on persona; traits via personal and independent victories of self control is basic and very important if one wants to reach the level of interdependence in an organization (Covey, 1989). Assertiveness is the key to respectful survival in work place (Weinberg & Cooper, 2007). Assertiveness is sometimes confused with aggressiveness. In reality, there is a difference between the two. Aggression refers to pushing others to get what one wants, while assertiveness means to stand up for one’s rights, still respecting the

Economics Policy Public Goods Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics Policy Public Goods - Essay Example If education is provided by the private market alone, it would result in imbalance, and hence, the market mechanism would not be able to match demand and supply. The reason for this is the fact that private forces are not concerned with the public interest; they are concerned about their own returns and nominal benefit. Therefore, the private market forces will only produce those goods which would lead to maximum profits. The private market forces ignore social costs and benefits, and therefore, will not produce the optimal quantity of merit or price-excludable public goods. Education would be under-produced by the private sector. All merit goods are considered good for the people, and the government desires to provide them in abundance. Merit goods have more social benefit than private benefit. Therefore, the private sector would not provide them optimally. Education has large external benefits relative to private benefits, that is, social benefits are greater than private benefits. Under the price mechanism, there would be few firms willing to provide education, and they would charge high prices. High prices would reduce consumption because some or many people might not be able to afford education.

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 23

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Human Resource Management Integrative bargaining on the other hand is used whereby the parties want to maintain relationships for future engagements and where cooperation ensures a win-win situation for parties involved (Phillips & Gully, 2013). In this case, there are mutual issues to be looked into and it involves expanding the pie by looking for alternatives that can benefit both parties. However, it requires a degree of trust and honesty for the negotiations to be successful. The approach involves focusing on the interests of the parties concerned rather than sticking to initial positions, separation of people from the problem and use of objective criteria. Due to the nature of the negotiations, it is difficult to switch from distributive to integrative bargaining. These approaches vary in regard to what is at stake, the outcomes possible and notions of success (Bamber et al. 2010). Union negotiators must get approval from members to a set of bargaining demands hence making it difficult for them to adopt a collaborative approach. Their aim is to get maximum share of resources available especially on pay, hence they must win or else the employees will view them as traitors pursuing self-interest. Besides, more wages means a loss to employers hence it is difficult to cooperate on this issue since the resource is fixed. On the other hand, the lower management may also view the upper management as being compromised by the union hence distrust (Phillips & Gully, 2013, p. 431).

International Management paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

International Management paper - Essay Example On the other hand, during Jurgen Dormann's tenure, the company's key aims were rationalization, redesigning of the company, saving money, avoidance of non-core business and simplicity (Burham et al, 1998). ABB needs to formulate its organizational structure on account of its product lines, competition, market coverage and location. To remain a key player in the industry, ABB needs to, among other things, treat internationalization and global diversifications with care and not rush it, fill its leadership gaps and address its performance issues. Moreover, the company can do itself a favor by making use the East Asian financial crisis to their benefit, addressing its pension benefits issues, minimizing its asbestos-related liabilities and adapting to the changing global competition (Bergrenn, 1996). A complex organization structure is not healthy for a company since it could lead to a financial downfall that can end up affecting its global operations, growth and market value. It could also lead to corporate retrenchment, loss of market share and a negative image for the company (Bergrenn, 1996). If I were Fred, I would make an effort to learn more about the Japanese culture, their social life and how they relate to other people, especially foreigners. I would also try to get their perception of Americans and generally try to put them at ease by encouraging them to open up at give their views on opinions. I would encourage my wife to do the same and try making friends with them. What should have been done differently The company management should have given Fred more time to study and find more information about Japan. If possible, the company should have given them some tour of Japan to make them make informed decisions. The family, on its part, should not have had too many expectations about their new location, and instead have realistic ones, and the flexibility to adapt. Case 3: Avon in Global Markets in 2007 Avon's operations in global markets Avon lays its emphasis on managerial skills; as opposed to technical skills, multiple management perspectives, tolerance for ambiguity and ability to manage and work with others. The company also has several global management teams that consist of managers in several countries and regions, relying on group collaboration, aimed at achieving optimum success and attainment of the company's goals. Dealing with a culturally diverse workforce and a multicultural marketplace in the coming years Since 70 percent of Avon's revenues are generated outside the United States, the

Human Resource Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 23

Human Resource Management - Essay Example Human Resource Management Integrative bargaining on the other hand is used whereby the parties want to maintain relationships for future engagements and where cooperation ensures a win-win situation for parties involved (Phillips & Gully, 2013). In this case, there are mutual issues to be looked into and it involves expanding the pie by looking for alternatives that can benefit both parties. However, it requires a degree of trust and honesty for the negotiations to be successful. The approach involves focusing on the interests of the parties concerned rather than sticking to initial positions, separation of people from the problem and use of objective criteria. Due to the nature of the negotiations, it is difficult to switch from distributive to integrative bargaining. These approaches vary in regard to what is at stake, the outcomes possible and notions of success (Bamber et al. 2010). Union negotiators must get approval from members to a set of bargaining demands hence making it difficult for them to adopt a collaborative approach. Their aim is to get maximum share of resources available especially on pay, hence they must win or else the employees will view them as traitors pursuing self-interest. Besides, more wages means a loss to employers hence it is difficult to cooperate on this issue since the resource is fixed. On the other hand, the lower management may also view the upper management as being compromised by the union hence distrust (Phillips & Gully, 2013, p. 431).

California's History of Segregated Education Essay

California's History of Segregated Education - Essay Example Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was one of the courts’ rulings, which permitted legal segregation for approximately 60 years. Some people were against, any form of, segregation. For instance, Gonzalo Mendez and other Latino parents filed a case (in 1945) to end segregations, in California’ public schools. The case filed was known as Mendez v. Westminster (1946). They argued that it was wrong to separate students into different schools, simply because they were of different races (Latino or Mexican). The judgement, on this case, was in favour of Mendez: even though the schools’ lawyers argued that the students were segregated because they spoke a foreign language. The court ruled that according to the 14th Amendment, all students had the right to access equal education. Following this ruling, it was unconstitutional to segregate students, on the basis of their national originality. Mendez case, however, was never appealed to the United State Supreme Court. The Brown v. the Education (1954), case also aimed at ending segregations, in California. It ruled that education was to be given to all, on equal terms. The ruling on the Brown case, however, faced some challenges. For instance, the Southern states defied the ruling, while some White Community prevented the NAACP from enrolling Africa-America students, in Central High School (Caplow 305). These three cases were related in that the Mendez case laid the foundation of the Brown case, while the Brown case brought about the reversal of the Plessy (1896) case, in 1954. Both the Mendez and Brown cases also DEJURE segregations of public schools (Ritzer 180). Segregations between the Latino and Mexican America resulted to poor Mexican schools. There were less-experienced teachers, in the Mexican schools than in the Anglo schools. The Mexican students were given less educational materials than the Anglo students (Ritzer 234). In fact, the Mexican students were taught in crowded classrooms, while the Angl o students were taught in spacious classrooms. The segregation was also evident in their curriculum, which was carried out, in the Anglo, and Mexican schools. The Anglo students were taught geometry and biology, while the Mexican students were taught industrial skills and domestic chores (Dundjerski 352). In addition, most of the Anglo teachers discouraged the Mexican students from advancing beyond the eighth grade. Indeed, the Mexican curriculum was of low quality such that the students could not get, any prominent job, after they were through with their classes. The education, which the Mexican got, would only get them cheap jobs in the prospering agriculture communities of California. This segregation, therefore, could not allow the Mexican students to get advanced education; if they got advanced education, then they would not accept farm labor. Segregation between Latino and Mexican America resulted into the discrimination of Mexicans. Mexicans were not allowed in most of the pa rks, dance halls, eateries, hotels, stores, and barbershops. They also had less access to public swimming pool; they were only allowed to swim for one day, weekly (Dundjerski 203). In addition, the swimming pool was cleaned and drained, immediately after the Mexican-America had swum. The Mexican Americas were, also, not spared in the restaurants; they were only served after all the white customers had been served. Today segregation is still evident, in some parts of California. For instances, those schools that are located in

Energy Drinks Market in Denmark Essay Example for Free

Energy Drinks Market in Denmark Essay 1. Introduction Danish soft drinks sales have recorded positive volume growth in recent years. Strong volume growth was recorded in energy drinks sales attributed to the aggressive marketing and new product launches. Some of the major players in the Danish energy drink market are Burn and Red Bull. Accordingly, the main aim of this report will be to identify and analyze the possible ways for Burn energy drink product to compete with the world famous energy drink Red Bull which has recently entered into Danish energy drink market in 2009. 1. 1 Problem Description In 2009, the Danish Veterinary and Food Administration approved the increase of caffeine level in energy drink. This has given a wide-open-door for beverage companies to develop in this segment. Taking advantage of this opportunity, Red bull the world’s most famous energy drink company, started to compete within the Danish energy drink market. On the other hand, Coca-cola Denmark also considered it as an opportunity to further develop product chain of its energy drink Burn. In Denmark, Burn has been dominating the energy drink market so far but now with the entry of Red Bull into the market it will now have to strategically develop its marketing mix to find a better way to compete with Red Bull and maintain its dominant position. 1. 2 Problem Statement We define the problem question for our research as follows: How could Burn compete with Red Bull on the Danish energy drink market? To support main question we have formulated some sub questions. They are as follows: 1. 2. 1 What is the preference of customers between Burn and Red Bull? 1. 2. 2 How should Burn products be developed and how should they be priced? 1. 2. 3 How should Coca-cola Denmark promote and distribute Burn? 1. 3 Definitions 1. 3. 1 Energy drink Energy drink can be defined as a drink or the beverage that contains higher doses of caffeine and other stimulating agents that give you instant energy. The doses of the caffeine and the stimulants are legally approved by the government health authorities. The main purpose of drinking an Energy drink is to get an instant energy to your body. 1. 3. 2 Burn energy drink. Burn Energy Drink is a functional beverage, mixture of 14 ingredients that come in a 16 ounce can and is available at almost every grocery store or convenience store across Denmark. It is one of the products of Coca-Cola Company. 1. 3. 3 Red Bull energy drink Red Bull Energy Drink is a functional beverage, specially developed for periods of increased mental and physical exertion. It can be drunk in virtually any situation: during sports, at work, whilst driving and during leisure activities. 1. 4 Demarcations (Scope and limitation of the study) As every report has its limitations, this report is also subject to various limitations. This report is based on two products, Burn and Red Bull which are the products of The Coca-Cola Company and The Red Bull Company respectively. These two companies have various product categories; however this report will be focused only on those two products among wide category of energy drink in energy drink sector. As far as the market place is concerned, this report is limited to the Danish market. Most of the consumers of energy drinks in Danish market are mainly the younger people aged 18-25. Considering this fact we have selected this age group as our target group. 2 Theoretical Background. This section of the report helps to provide the broad theoretical framework used for interpreting the research presented in this report. Various marketing theories have been applied as a background in this report. Theory of Market segmentation is used to analyze Burn and Red Bull in the Danish Market. To analyze the competition between Burn and Red Bull, Competitor Benchmark Analysis is used. Finally Using the theory of Marketing Mix (4 Ps), recommendation to Burn has been made to successfully develop its marketing campaign so that it can increase its sales and compete with Red Bull. 2. 1 Market segmentation. Market segmentation will be identified by taking into consideration the demographic variables (like gender, different age group and life style) and geographical locations (various cities of Denmark) like Center of Copenhagen, Sj? lland, Fyn and Jylland 2. 2 Competitive Benchmark Analysis Competitive benchmark of Burn will be made with its direct competitor, Red Bull. For this we will take various factors which are flavor, taste, brand, price, place (convenient to buy), packaging and effectiveness of the products. During our group discussion these factors came up as the most relevant criteria for making competitive benchmark. Accordingly, respondents were asked to rate and evaluate both Burn and Red Bull on those factors during the online survey. 2. 3 Marketing Mix (4 Ps) Marketing Mix i. e. 4 Ps will be taken as theoretical base for providing recommendation to Burn after the analysis of data and findings are presented. Accordingly, Product, Price, Place and Promotion Strategy will be presented in order for Burn to successfully compete against its rival Red Bull. Then after, the conclusion will be made. 3 Methodology Description This section of the report gives information about the stages that we went through while doing the research and writing the report. 3. 1 Research Design We chose exploratory design as our research design. We have a research problem which is unstructured. We do not have enough information about our topic for which we have to investigate more on our topic. Both Qualitative and quantitative data collection methods are used. To gain more and more information and insights about the problem topic, Qualitative research design was chosen. Using qualitative data collection method, it became easier for us to change translate and reformulate our unstructured questions. Quantitative method is also used in order to check the validity of the results obtained from qualitative method. For quantitative data collection we tried to get as many respondents as possible who can represent the total population. 3. 2 Primary and secondary data collection For this research we have chosen both Qualitative and Quantitative data collection method for primary data. Similarly, wherever required, we have also used secondary data from the articles, publications and website of the company as well as blogs and other relevant news articles. 3. 3 Qualitative data collection To collect the qualitative data, a focus group interview was conducted. We prepared the interview guide for the focus group which is attached in the appendix. The focus group contained 11 members who are the students from 2nd semester class at Niels Brock. After the completion of interview process we also took a blind test among the focus group interview participants plus 15 other students. Students were chosen randomly. Each of them were given to drink two glasses, one filled with Burn and another filled with Red Bull and were asked which one they like and how they taste. The responses from the participants were used for the analysis. 3. 4 Quantitative data collection To collect quantitative data, we prepared structured questionnaire. It consisted of 15 questions (open and closed ended questions). We posted our research questionnaire in the Facebook blogs and invited 600 Facebook users through simple random method. We got only 116 responses and of which only 77 respondents answered all questions of questionnaire. So in this research 77 respondents are our total number of observation. In other words our sample size is 77 which represent the total population of energy drink customers in Denmark. 4 Presentation and analysis of data The presentation and analysis of data has been categorized as Market segmentation and Competitor Benchmark. 4. 1 Market Segmentation of energy drinks 4. 1. 1 Analysis of Focused group interview: During the focused group interview, 11 participants were asked about the consumption of energy drink every week. Among the participants, 1 participant consumes 5 or more cans per week. 4 respondents consume 3 to 4 cans and 1-2 cans as well. Whereas, 2 respondents consume less than 1 can of energy drink. Thus their consumption habit is around 1-4 cans per week. When there was a discussion about the occasions during which they consume the energy drink, most of the answers was during workout, training or going to sports and when mixing with alcohol. There was also a discussion about having coffee instead of energy drink when one is tired. 6 participants said that they prefer coffee whereas others preferred energy drink. Regarding price, most of the respondents voted for cheaper one, less than 20 DKK and between15-17 DKK. 4. 1. 2 Analysis of Online questionnaire survey The willingness of various age groups towards energy drink is illustrated in the diagram below. It shows that 56% of respondents from age group 18 to 25 years are interested in energy drink. Figure 1 Willingness of various age-groups towards energy drink Source: Appendix 4 Similarly, 20% of respondents from the age group below 18 and 26-35 years age group showed their interest in energy drink. But only 4% of the elderly respondents are interested in energy drink. Thus, it can be seen that the highest number of people from the age group 18-25 years are interested in the energy drink. Figure 2 Willingness towards energy drink by gender Source: Appendix 5 The above figure shows that 68% of male population is interested in energy drink whereas only 32% of female population is interested in Energy drink. Figure 3 Willingness towards energy drink by location Source: Appendix 6 According to the above figure, most of the respondents from center of Copenhagen are interested in energy drink. 68% respondents from the Copenhagen region and 32% respondents from Sj? land region showed interest in energy drink. While analysisng the age wise consumption of energy drink which is illustrated in the figure below it has been seen that the data is bit conflicting. Figure 4 Age wise consumption of energy drink Source: Appendix 7 As shown by the diagram, those who almost never drink energy drinks are higher in age group 18 to 25 years. But again, those drinking from 1-2 cans per week are also higher number in age category 18-25 years but less compared to those who never drink. But what can be concluded that those who drinks energy drinks they normally consume 12 cans per week and are higher in 18-25 years category. Analyzing the preferred occasions when customers usually like to drink energy drink, the research show that customers usually prefer it to mix with alcohol as their first preference and then drinking when they are tired. Figure 5 Occasional preference of Energy Drink by gender Source: Appendix 8 The above graph shows most of both females and males consume energy drink when they mix with alcohol. 22 females out of 35 female respondents (63%) and 19 males out of 42 male respondents (45%) said they consume it when they mix with alcohol. Similarly 43% of female and 40 % of male respondents answered that they take energy drink when they are tired. Likewise, 11% female and 33% male said that they take it when they go to sports. 14% of female and 21% of male chose energy drink when they are thirsty and 6% of female and 7% of male chose for other occasions. Figure 6 Customers willingness to pay for the energy drink Source: Appendix 9. Relating to the price it can be clearly seen from the figure above that 18-25 years age group which is the target customers for energy drinks are willing to pay 16-20 DKK for the energy drinks where as 26-35 years age group are willing to pay 10-15 DKK for the drink. 4. 2 Competitor Benchmark (Burn and Red Bull) 4. 2. 1 Analysis of Focused group interview: During the focused group interview, 8 out of 11 participants preferred Red Bull. Only 3 preferred Burn. When there was a discussion of product features like taste, flavor and effectiveness of the products; participants said that effectiveness of the product is important. During the blind test 26 participants were made to taste both Burn and Red Bull drinks blindfolded. Table 1 Preference of product by tasting without knowing the product (Blind Test) BurnRed BullBoth Total no. of participant (26)9152 The research showed that Red Bull was highly preferred by the participants with 58% appreciating the taste of Red Bull. Burn was preferred by only 35% of the participants. 4. 2. 2 Analysis of Online questionnaire survey The illustration of various measures to which the consumer gave importance when buying energy drink is shown in the figure below. Figure 7 Customers’ emphasis when buying energy drink. Source: Appendix 10 We found data of customers according to the importance they give to various measures or elements when they want to buy an energy drink. The above graph shows that 53% of the total respondents said flavor is very important when they buy energy drink. About taste, 60% said it is very important. None of the respondents said that it is not important at all. Talking about brand, only 19% said very important, 34% said important, 30% said not so important and 17% said not important at all. About price, 51 %( more than half population) said that it is very important. Only 5% said not so important and no respondents said that it is not important at all. So far as convenient place to buy is concerned, 29% said very important, 54% said important. When packaging is concerned 16% said very important, 29% said important 39% said not so important and 16% said not important at all. When it is about effectiveness, 44% said it is very important, 38% said important. Thus the analysis shows that flavor, taste, price, convenient buying options and effectiveness of the drinks are important for customers where as brand and packaging are not that important in buying decision. Based on the various factors to which the consumers give preference when buying energy drinks, comparative analysis between Burn and Red Bull has been carried out. This can be described from the figure given below. We asked the respondents to evaluate Burn and Red Bull giving them 4 options (Very Good, Good, Bad, Very Bad). But here in the analysis we have taken only two options as we think these two options are sufficient for comparative analysis. Figure 8 Comparison of Burn and Red Bull based on the various factors Source: Appendix 11 The above figure shows the customers preference between Burn and Red Bull on the various factors which are important for their buying decision. 34% of the total respondents said the flavor of Burn is good and 23% said very good while 48% and 29% said the flavor of Red Bull is good and very good respectively. Similarly, 39% and 13% of the total respondents said the taste of Burn is good and very good respectively while 52% and 29% respectively chose good and very good for the taste of Red Bull. As far as brand is considered, 39% and 26% said the Burn brand is good and very good respectively while 42% and 45% said Red Bull brand is good and very good respectively. When it is about price, 27% and 12% chose good and very good for Burn while 16% and 12% for Red Bull. 35% and 23% of total population said Burn is good and very good respectively when considering convenient to buy whereas for Red Bull it is 38% and 17% respectively. About packaging 36% and 22% answered good and very good for Burn while for Red Bull its 45% and 18%. Finally for the effectiveness of the product, 39% and 18% respectively chose good and very good for Burn while it is 45% and 25% for Red Bull. Thus the analysis shows that customers highly prefer Red Bull while relating to flavor, taste, and brand. On the other hand, with relating to price, convenient to buy and nice packaging, customers seemed to prefer Burn. So far as the effectiveness is concerned, Preference towards Red Bull is high but the difference is not so much. 5 Findings and summary of the analysis According to the analysis presented above, it can be seen that the energy drink market segmentation is more concentrated on the costumers between age group of 18-25 and that the customers are dominantly male rather than female. Looking at the geographic distribution the market segment is undoubtedly concentrated on Copenhagen with to some extent also in Sj? land. However, the other fact is also that since Copenhagen is the largest city with dense population this result is quite obvious. The other important findings of the study regarding the life style of the customers relating to the consumption of energy drinks is that energy drinks are excessively consumed as a mix in alcohol and then it is consumed while people get tired. Also energy drinks are often consumed just 1 or 2 cans per week. Normally customers are willing to pay 16-20 DKK for the drink. The analysis shows that in general the customers give high importance to the flavor, taste, price, effectiveness and buying convenience while making their buying decisions of energy drinks and that the brand and packaging are not of importance for the customers. Keeping this in mind the competitor benchmark of Burn and Red Bull Red Bull clearly shows that though Red Bull being a new entrant in the Danish market it has succeeded in taking good share of energy drink market in Denmark. Red Bull is preferred by customers in terms of its flavor, taste which are important factor in general for customers while making their buying decisions. Similarly, with the effectiveness as well Red Bull is preferred by customers in comparison to Burn. Burn is preferred by customers in packaging which not of important factor for customers. But Burn still dominate Red Bull in terms of its easy availability at stores which is due to the fact that it is distributed by Carlsberg Brewery which is considered to have a very strong distribution channel in Danish market. (footnote) Again at price Burn is rated better owing to the fact that they are cheaper than Red Bull. Of course with the brand Red Bull is rated much better as it is an internationally recognized brand. 6 Recommendations Based on above findings following recommendations have been suggested for Burn to improve its products, promotion and pricing strategy. The recommendations will be based on the marketing mix (4 Ps) which is product, price, place and promotion. 6. 1 Product Since the research findings show that Red Bull has dominant preference by customers in terms of flavor, taste and effectiveness, therefore Burn has to come up with innovative product development in order to provide added value to its product so that customers preferences divert towards Burn. Therefore, considerable amount of resources and time should be spent on research and development of variety of flavors and appealing taste with its product. Since the market segment of the energy drink is mostly 18-25 years old and that they consume it as mix in alcohol so the taste preference of these age group should be taken into consideration and the flavor and taste should be developed which is appealing while mixing with alcohol as well. 6. 2 Price Relating to the price, Burn is cheaper that Red Bull and realizing the fact that Red Bull is gaining market share it is wise to maintain its low price strategy. 6. 3 Place The research show Burn with strong placement but since strong distribution channel is its one of core competencies it has to fully utilize this competences to move ahead form Red Bull to place its products at all the convenient stores. The major priority should be given to Copenhagen since it’s the main market segment but again taking advantage of its well managed distribution channel it should also focus on other cities where Red Bull are not able to reach due to lack of experience with the Danish market. 6. 4 Promotion A well planned advertising strategy should be developed mainly targeting on the 18-25 years age group and again the male customers who are the major customers of energy drinks. Though Red Bull is world recognized brand, Burn also has its brand reputation as it is a product of world class Coca Cola Company. Thus advertising campaign should also be focused to create awareness of the Coca Cola brand among the customers while promoting Burn which can positively influence customers’ choice. 7 Conclusion Based on the research analysis and findings, it can be concluded that within the Danish energy drinks market Burn is definitely getting a tough competition from Red Bull despite the fact the Red Bull is a new entrant in Danish market. Its global brand recognition has provided Red Bull with competitive strength which can be a serious threat to Burn in coming future. Therefore it is a must for Burn to take timely action and initiate necessary marketing strategies to compete with Red Bull. Burn has low price advantage as well as strong distribution channel which provide Burn with an edge in the competitive market and therefore it needs to look more into product development and promotion strategy in order to compete with Red Bull and thus gain success in the competitive energy drink market. 8. References Books David Jobber. (2007). Principles and Practice of Marketing. UK. McGraw-Hill Education Pervez GH, Kjell Gr. (2005). Research Methods in Business Studies. UK. Pearson Education Bryman, A. and Bell, E. (2007). Business Research Methods. 2nd Ed. UK. Oxford University Press Burns, A. C. and Bush, R. F. (2006) Marketing Research, 5th ed. , Prentice Hall Kotler, P. and Keller, K. L. (2006) Marketing Management, 12th ed. , Prentice Hall Svend Hollensen, (2007) Global Marketing – a decision-oriented approach, Websites http://www. euromonitor. com/Soft_Drinks_in_Denmark http://advantageaustria. org/dk/news/local/Red-Bull-und-Shark. en. jsp http://www. aeofooddrink. com/34. php http://www. dietspotlight. com/burn-energy-drink-review/ http://www. redbull. com/cs/Satellite/en_INT/Products/Red-Bull-Energy-Drink-021242751115866?p=1242745950125#/product-FAQ 9 Appendices Appendix. 1 Questionnaire Dear respondents, we make this survey in order to obtain more comprehensive knowledge about the energy drink sector in Denmark, particularly the two big brands: Burn and RedBull. So we would highly appreciate if you spend a few minutes answering our questionnaire. Your information will be treated anonymously! 1. How interested are you in energy drinks? oVery interested oInterested oNot very interested oNot intererested at all 2. How often do you drink energy drinks? oAlmost never oFrom 1 2 cans per week. oFrom 2-5 cans per week oMore than 5 cans per week 3. ON WHAT OCCASIONS DO YOU DRINK ENERGY DRINKS? oWhen Im tired oWhen Im thirsty oWhen I go to sports oWhen I mix with alcohol oOther (please specify in the box below) 4. Where do you often buy energy drinks? oIn the super markets oIn the bars oIn Seven Eleven oIn small shops (eg: gas station, kiosk etc) oOther (please specify in the box) 5. How much would you like to pay for an energy drink? o10 15 Kr o16 20 Kr o21 25 Kr oMore than 25 Kr 6. How important are the following factors when you buy energy drinks? Very important Important Not so important not important at all Good flavor Good taste Good brand Reasonable price Convenient to buy Nice packaging The effectiveness of the drinks 7. Which of these brands do you know? oBurn oRed Bull oNone of them 8. Which one of these brands do you prefer? oBurn oRed Bull oNone of them 9. How do you evaluate RED BULL in the following factors? Very goodGoodNot good-not badBad Very bad Brand Taste Flavor Price Convenient to buy Packaging Effectiveness 10. Do you have any recommendations for RED BULL to better meet your satisfaction? oI dont know oIm already very satisfied oI would recommend as follows: 11. How do you evaluate BURN in the following factors? Very good Good Not good-not bad Bad Very bad Brand Taste Flavor Price Convenient to buy Packaging Effectiveness 12. Do you have any recommendations for BURN to better meet your satisfaction? oI dont know oIm already very satisfied! oI would recommend as follows: 13. What is your age? oYounger than 18 years old oFrom 18 25 years old oFrom 26 35 years old 14. What is your gender? oMale oFemale 15. Which part of Denmark do you live in? oCenter of Copenhagen oSj? lland oFyn oJylland Appendix 2 Interview guide for focus group What criteria do people choose when they buy energy drink products? Are different flavors important? What occasion do they drink energy drink? Eg: when they’re tired, or mix with strong alcohol, etc. What product name(s) do they like? Why? Do they know Burn/Red Bull? Where do they buy? Do they like Burn/Red Bull products? How much should a can of energy drink cost? Appendix 3 Fokus gruppe analyse 2. Semester klasse Niels Brock Lien, Niraj, Silas og Michelle Market research Alle kender begge 11 deltager 8 ud af 11 kan lide red bull Dog viste det at 6 ud af 11 faktisk kun valgte Red Bull efter blinde smagning Smagen er bedre, burn er for sodt. (inden smagning af begge m? rker) Hvor mange energidrinks drikker du per uge? 1 drikker 4-5 cans a week 4 3-4 cans 4 1-2 cans 2 mindre end 1 Hvornar drikker du energidrinks? Sprut, tr? ning, Det er meget i forhold til det at man drikker alkohol. Enighed blandt minimum 8 af deltagerne Dog drikker mange det ogsa hvis de er tr? tte eller skal til tr? ning efter en lang dag i skole. Kaffe frem for energi drink hvis man kan lide det hvis man er tr? t og skal videre, dette mener 6 ud af 11 af deltagerne hvor de andre ikke kan lide kaffe eller mener at en energi drik er bedre†¦ Hvor meget vil du betale for en energidrink? Ikke mere end 20kr, mellem15-17kr ca er de fleste villige til at betale Men ville kobe den billigste hvis de stod mod hinanden pa hylden i super marked. Energien er mere vigtig end smagen. Irriterende reklamer – for meget nogenhed – provokerende reklamer – mener 2 af deltagerne, Red Bull promoverer ikke sadan (I Dk hvert fald).

Hamlets Themes Revived in Great Expectations :: Great Expectations Essays

Hamlet's Themes Revived in Great Expectations      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of Hamlet's themes are revived in the text of Great Expectations. Charles Dickens creates characters and plots that are intertextually linked with the elements of the fatherly ghost and revenge in Hamlet. Pip chronicles his quest for self-discovery and establishing and/or diminishing his relationships with fatherly figures. In doing so he, much like Hamlet, is challenged by situations filled with revenge and dauntless ghosts. By Dickens integrating the Hamlet motif into Great Expectations, he promotes the reader's understanding of the dominant themes and message of Pip's tragedy, which directly correlate to the character of Prince Hamlet. Dickens makes references to Hamlet throughout the novel, but he establishes strong parallels particularly in the first and thirty-first chapters of his novel. Furthermore, Dickens dedicates chapter thirty-one to an actual performance of the play. He connects the roles the reader is to recognize Pip portraying in hi s life to the actors and scenes being comically reenacted on stage. In order for Dickens to emphasize Pip's inconsistent identity, he relies on a commentary on each of the boy's attempts to play the role of someone else. Besides the resonance of Prince Hamlet in Pip's character, the fatherly figures of Joe and Magwitch are drawn in the image of the Ghost of Hamlet's father. Both Hamlet and Great Expectations bear the struggles of young men striving to fulfill their obligations to a vengeful father figure. The fatherly figures propel their "sons" to attain the place in society which they lacked a chance to themselves, but the fatherly intentions only lead to Hamlet and Pip's self-destruction. Hamlet is defeated by his contempt and lust to satisfy the revenge his father seeks through him. In Great Expectations, Pip is given the fortunate opportunity to escape the constraint of revenge; despite a difficult journey, he ultimately succeeds in becoming a gentleman. Pip, unlik e Hamlet, learns to avoid the vengeful behavior which soured his expectations; rather he accepts the just father figure of Joe and distinguishes his identity.    Parallels to Hamlet can be drawn throughout the text of Great Expectations, but the issues that relentlessly plague Pip and Hamlet are both introduced in the novel's first chapter.

Euthanasia Essay -- Euthanasia Essays

Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Individual cases presented to justify legalizing physician assisted suicide fail to deal with underlying medical failures to control pain, creating an illusion of control over death, and not acknowledging the thousands of patients murdered inappropriately. This is an interesting and a very controversial issue in today’s society. Euthanasia has negative sides, it can hurt society, and everyone needs to learn more bout it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The word Euthanasia is Greek in origin. It arrived from the prefix â€Å"eu†, meaning fear, easy, and fortunate and from the word â€Å"thanatos† meaning death. The main idea of Euthanasia is that someone has a conscientious death or a fortunate one. In other words, we attempt to ease one’s pain by murdering another human being to give him/her a so-called â€Å"easy death† which is illegal and morally wrong. The key element of one human being taking the life of another human being is not present. It is exactly this element that causes euthanasia to be morally wrong (Gay-Williams,288)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are different cases that might be hard to distinguish whether it is, or isn’t Euthanasia. There are murders in â€Å"just†, war, when trying to protect oneself, and in federal executions. It can be said that one of those is amiss; it would be arduous to prove that they are always amiss. When someone looks at those examples above and euthanasia, he/she can tell their inequality. The person who is murdered above is considered by the murderer as an adversary, an assaulter, or criminally culpable. But the individual in Euthanasia is neither of the three we mentioned (Gay-Williams, 288). As I defined earlier, euthanasia is taking someone’s life, either his/her own or of another person to add to that, the human being whose life is confiscated must be a person that is assumed to be experiencing a disease or injury from which regaining life cannot reasonably be anticipated. Ultimately, the attempt must be deliberate and intentional. Thus, euthan asia is purposely confiscating the life of a believed hopeless person, whether it is the person’s own or of a relative or friend, it is still euthanasia. It is critical to be apparent about the deliberate and intentional appearance of the death. If a desperate person is injected with the incorrect drug unintenti... ...Cited Darr, Kurt. â€Å"Physician-Assisted Suicide and the Supreme Court: Implications for Health Services   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Delivery.† 22 Jun. 1997. On-line. Netscape. 1 Oct. 2002. Dekker, Diana. â€Å"Life or Death.† The Evening Post. 23 Jun. 2001. On-line. Netscape. 1 Oct.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  2002. Gay-Williams,J. â€Å"The Wrongfulness of Euthanasia† Taking Sides: Clashing views on Controversial Moral Issues. Ed. Stephen Satris. 5th ed. Guilford, CT: Dushkin/McGraw Hill, 1997. 288-289, 290-293. Hending, Herbert.†Selling Death and Dignity: Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Bioethical Issues. Ed. Stephen Carol Levine. 7th ed. Guilford, CT: Dushkin/Mcdraw-Hill, 1997 80-81, 87-94, 95. Hupfer, Sherrrie. â€Å"Ethical deisions at the Darkest Hour.† Radiologic Technology. 11 Jan. 1996.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On-line. Netscape. 1 Oct. 2002 Komp, Diane. Assisted Suicide. San Diego, CA: Greenhaven Pres. 1998 Shapiro, Joseph P. â€Å"Expanding a Right to Die.† U.S. News and World Report. 15 Apr. 1996: 63. Vallis, Mary. â€Å" Study Pinpoints Fear that pushes some to Euthanasia: A Means of Limiting a loss of Self.† National Post 3Aug. 2001. On-line. Netscape. 5 Oct. 2002